Time:2021-11-19
In recent years, red tourism has been written into national policy documents for many times. As a portrayal of the characteristic culture and the history of national struggle during the revolutionary period of our country, red culture has received full attention from the national level for its role in education, resource protection, and economic stimulus. With the continuous improvement of the people's cultural quality and the continuous advancement of related projects, the market scale of red tourism is gradually expanding, and tourists participating in red tourism are also showing a trend of younger and family. Red tourism is continuously heating up in the tourism market.
According to the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the number of red tourism tourists in my country last year exceeded 100 million. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the number of red tourism tourists maintained a steady growth, maintaining a market share of more than 11% in the national domestic tourism market. Red cultural tourism has become a new focus of cultural and tourism integration.
However, most of the domestic red tourist attractions still face problems such as insufficient exploration of cultural connotations, simplistic and boring forms, and weak awareness of high-quality goods. The development of war tourism and historical tourism similar to red tourism in foreign countries is earlier than that in China. It has accumulated a lot of successful experience in the creation of tourism products and theme activities, which has important reference and reference value for the development of red tourism in my country. Today we will take a look at how these areas abroad develop tourism.
01. National World War II Museum
The National World War II Museum is located in New Orleans, Louisiana, in New Orleans, the Crescent City at the mouth of the Mississippi River in the United States. It is famous for jazz music and French colonial culture.
The National World War II Museum tells the story that war has changed the world and is a leader in redefining the experience of history museums. It is mainly composed of five venues.
The Louisiana Memorial, which tells about the war experienced in the Home Front war, including the museum's original D-day exhibition, macro artifacts, special temporary exhibits and the LW Pete Kent train experience. Solomon's Victory Theater, a unique amusement that can be narrated by Tom Hanks 4D experience transcends boundaries,
watch, listen and feel the epic story of World War II.
European and Pacific Theater, visitors can follow in the footsteps of citizen soldiers, through 360-degree display, through the key environment of World War II; freedom in the United States Inside the museum, visitors can stand next to tanks and trucks on the ground to watch World War II planes, or brave high-altitude walkways to watch the war machines of various military departments at close range; in the restoration hall of JOHN E. KUSHNER, you can observe the museum up close A large collection of macro artifacts, learn how STEM (science, technology, engineering, and mathematics) helped solve the most difficult problems of the Second World War.
A large number of oral history and a large number of film and television materials are cited in the museum. Each scene can be heard personally narrated by the soldiers participating in the war, and most of the film and television materials are documentaries on the battlefield that year. And the images are projected on the exhibited scenes, such as battlefield tents, broken walls and broken walls, which are all used as screens, which is very personal.
The layout of the exhibition hall also changed with the progress of the battle. When fighting in North Africa, the exhibition hall was like a corner in the desert. After entering Italy, the exhibition hall was arranged like a bombed church.
The most worth mentioning is that the museum chooses to use technology to tell the history, using multimedia means, interactive experience, immersive space creation, scene restoration and reconstruction of the environment, to reproduce history in a detailed, profound and multi-faceted manner. For example, the Democratic Arsenal on the second floor of the Louisiana Memorial, through multimedia and interactive displays, used galleries and theater experience to describe the controversy from the entrance to the storm gallery to the outbreak of World War II and the US Pearl Harbor incident, and finally to the United States. The story of unifying the country and achieving industrial progress and technological innovation step by step allows tourists to immerse themselves in the immersive tour of World War II.
In addition, the National World War II Museum has also developed practical research products on the basis of history. For example, the annual essay competition, the computer technology competition, the selection of student ambassadors, and the annual World War II quiz bowl for high school students, aiming to challenge students' knowledge of World War II and team building.
The museum has received more than 4 million visitors, of which students accounted for 16.25%, and the museum was listed as the fourth most popular museum in the United States and the eleventh most popular museum in the world by the world's number one travel review website.
02. Battle of Waterloo, Belgium
The Battle of Waterloo was a final battle that Napoleon failed. On June 18, 1815, the Anglo-Dutch Army and the Prussian army under the command of the Duke of Wellington, the British general, besieged and defeated Napoleon, thus ending the history of this legendary figure in Europe. To commemorate the Battle of Waterloo, Belgium passed legislation in 1914 to protect the original appearance of the site of the Battle of Waterloo and make it a European historical and cultural heritage. Such a classic historical figure and a classic battle constitute a main tourist product of the destination. Every year on the anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo, visitors will be able to see the battle and experience the barracks life and other scenario reappearance activities, allowing tourists to participate in it, remembering this history, and this has become a local brand tourism project.
In order to expand the popularity and attract more tourists, the local tourism bureau will also normalize the performances, holding one small one a year and one big five five years. Now it has been running for more than 20 years. The obsession with the Battle of Waterloo and the European military history at that time brought them together. Fans from different countries formed different associations. The members of the associations made custom-made 19th century uniforms, guns, and war knives at their own expense, ranging from horses to artillery. The backpack water bag is made completely in accordance with the style of the French Revolution and worn on the body. And the tents stationed in their own tents are also made according to the style of the 19th century. There is no water and electricity. The enthusiasts live, train and fight strictly according to the 19th century lifestyle. The original appearance of the ruins of Waterloo has also been preserved, including various monuments, small stone villages, coalition field hospitals (farms), Wellington Command Castle, and hotels where Yuguo stayed. Among them, on the empty and rolling grassland, a small hill named Lion Hill, built in 1820, became a memorial mark of the Battle of Waterloo, also known as the Monument to the Battle of Waterloo, which is an iconic attraction here.
It is said that the 41-meter-high hill was built by local women from two kilometers away from a place with a back basket. The lion made of scrap iron was cast from the guns left on the battlefield, symbolizing the British-Prussian coalition. Military prestige.
In addition, Waterloo also makes full use of local farmhouses and turns them into wax museums, small movie houses, souvenir shops, hotels, etc. to enrich the experience of tourists.
03. The Peace Memorial of Caen, Normandy, France
The Peace Memorial of Caen, Normandy, France, located in northwestern France, is the most famous World War II museum in Europe. The exhibition hall is a white main building covering an area of 17,000 square meters, of which the conventional exhibition area is 5,800 square meters, mainly composed of the World War II Hall, the Cold War Hall and the Peace Hall. There is also a pleasant European Liberation Park.
The exhibition content of the memorial hall is substantial, and history is fully reproduced through diversified display methods. In addition to a large number of physical objects, pictures, and textual materials, the memorial also has a multimedia library and two archives, which contain more than 20,000 historical materials, more than 1,200 audio-visual documents, and more than 100 movies. The documentary film reflects the Normandy landing campaign from different angles. Through the multimedia retrieval equipment, visitors can understand every detail of the campaign, including the background of the war, the headquarters of the two sides, the formation of forces, and weapons and equipment.
The memorial hall is divided into two parts: war and peace. War reflects the theme of praying for peace and guides people to a clear understanding of the meaning of peace. The war part includes the history of the two world wars, the cities and lives destroyed by the war, the key figures of the "Cold War" period and the arms race. The cruelty of the war is reproduced through rich materials and realistic historical scenes. The peace part includes the Nobel Peace Prize, the understanding of peace from different civilizations and traditions, and the collective game venues that require unity and cooperation, etc., to increase the experience and interest of visits and to play an educational function.
The main entrance of the memorial hall is engraved with verses written by local ordinary citizens. The glass wall outside the memorial hall contains stone carvings donated by many countries that participated in World War II such as Norway, Germany, Canada, the United States, France, and the United Kingdom. The content has been carefully designed to reflect historical memorial and educational significance as well as interesting. On the whole, the architecture and landscape of the memorial hall pay attention to detailed design and humanistic spirit. From the perspective of thinking about people in war, it can arouse the resonance of tourists and has a strong shock.
The memorial focuses on proactively exerting its educational function. The museum has specially recruited 7 teachers and a large number of youth counselors, and maintains close cooperative relations with the Ministry of Culture, Caen City, and even national and local universities and research institutions. Based on the school's history textbooks and the contents displayed in the memorial hall, a number of educational manuals on the history of World War II have been carefully compiled, which are regularly revised, and some props have been made by themselves. In addition, the memorial often organizes teacher training classes, and at least more than 1,000 history teachers come here to study in a year.
The book publishing industry in the memorial hall is relatively developed. On the tens of meters long bookshelf in the souvenir department, more than 5,000 kinds of books on World War II are displayed dazzlingly. The memorial hall plans new topics every year and launches various books and reading materials.
In addition, the memorial will organize hundreds of events every year around the two themes of war and peace. On special anniversaries, the government will organize high-level large-scale celebrations. Daily, there are individual activities for residents and tourists to participate in. There are dozens of designs for young people just according to the characteristics of different ages, such as seminars, knowledge contests, speeches, drawing contests, manual operations, game draws, special discussions with veterans of World War II, dialogue with historians, Normandy World War II attractions Day trips, etc., have played an active educational function.
The Caen Memorial is not a single memorial place in the region. Normandy also has more than 40 World War II museums and war relics, forming a memorial system composed of museums, ruins, monuments, cemeteries, etc., which fully reflects the Battle of Normandy, together forming France One of the six famous tourist attractions is a historical treasure house for comprehensive research on the history of the 20th century, especially the history of World War II.
At present, in order to promote local red business cards to more tourists and tell local red stories and development stories, many places have actively started to formulate new red tourism development plans. In the planning process, red tourist attractions should pay attention to market demand. Only by combining the needs of tourists with innovative development, enhancing the interactive experience of scenic spots, and broadening the red business, can the fire of red tourism "get more and more prosperous."